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接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)簡(jian)稱接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)。根(gen)(gen)據(ju)填(tian)充介質，接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)可分為油變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)和干(gan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)。根(gen)(gen)據(ju)相數，接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)可分為三相接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)和單相接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)。接(jie)(jie)地變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的作用是為中性(xing)點(dian)不接(jie)(jie)地的系統提供人工(gong)中性(xing)點(dian)，采(cai)用消弧線圈(quan)和小電(dian)阻接(jie)(jie)地方式(shi)，減(jian)少配(pei)電(dian)網接(jie)(jie)地短路故(gu)障時的接(jie)(jie)地電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)電(dian)流大小，提高配(pei)電(dian)系統的供電(dian)可靠性(xing)。
電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統中的(de)(de)6kV、10kV、35kV電(dian)(dian)網一般采用中性點(dian)不接地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)運行方(fang)式。電(dian)(dian)網中的(de)(de)主變壓器低壓側通常是三角(jiao)形連接，沒有可(ke)接地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)中性點(dian)。當中性點(dian)不接地(di)(di)(di)系(xi)(xi)統發生單相(xiang)接地(di)(di)(di)故障時，線電(dian)(dian)壓三角(jiao)形仍然(ran)對稱，電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統可(ke)以連續(xu)向(xiang)用戶供電(dian)(dian)1~2小(xiao)時，電(dian)(dian)容器電(dian)(dian)流小(xiao)(小(xiao)于10A)，不會引起間歇電(dian)(dian)弧，瞬(shun)時接地(di)(di)(di)故障可(ke)以自行消(xiao)失但(dan)是，隨著城(cheng)市電(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)擴大(da)和電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接線的(de)(de)增加，系(xi)(xi)統對地(di)(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)容器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流急劇增加，單相(xiang)接地(di)(di)(di)后通過(guo)故障點(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容器電(dian)(dian)流大(da)(超過(guo)10A)。
電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)不(bu)易熄滅(mie)，容易引起鐵磁(ci)共振過電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和間隙性電(dian)(dian)弧(hu)接(jie)地過電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，絕緣破損(sun)，線路跳閘，事(shi)故擴(kuo)大
具體(ti)如(ru)下(xia):
單相(xiang)接地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧間歇熄滅重燃，會產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧接地(di)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，幅度可達4U(U為正常相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)峰值)或更高，持(chi)續時間長，會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備(bei)的(de)絕(jue)緣造成很大危害，在絕(jue)緣薄弱環節造成破壞；造成重大損(sun)失。
連續電弧導(dao)致空氣離解，破(po)壞周圍(wei)空氣絕緣，易發生相間(jian)短(duan)路(lu)。
產生鐵磁諧(xie)振過電壓，電壓互(hu)感(gan)器(qi)容易燒壞，避雷器(qi)損壞，避雷器(qi)爆炸。這(zhe)些后果將嚴(yan)重威脅電網(wang)設備的(de)絕緣和安全運行。
為了減少單相接(jie)地(di)故(gu)障時的對地(di)電(dian)容(rong)器電(dian)流，需要(yao)在變壓器的中(zhong)性(xing)點(dian)安裝(zhuang)消弧線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)等(deng)補償裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，因此(ci)需要(yao)人立中(zhong)性(xing)點(dian)，以便在中(zhong)性(xing)點(dian)連(lian)接(jie)消弧線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，減少接(jie)地(di)短(duan)路斷路電(dian)流，提高系統供(gong)電(dian)的可靠性(xing)。
國內外使(shi)用現狀是(shi)什(shen)么？
我國的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)通常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)z型配線(xian)(xian)(或曲折型配線(xian)(xian))，為了節約投資和(he)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站空間(jian)，通常(chang)在接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)上增(zeng)加第三(san)繞(rao)組，代替使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)，為變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)設(she)備供電(dian)(dian)。按(an)照國家《電(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)》的(de)國家標準，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)方式可以分為直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)通過電(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)、電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)和(he)消弧線(xian)(xian)圈進行(xing)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)。我國尚未直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，但已(yi)有電(dian)(dian)力(li)研究(jiu)部門(men)開始(shi)對(dui)此進行(xing)探討。國外接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)通常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)z型連接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，用(yong)(yong)于10kV不接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)系統，構成配電(dian)(dian)網的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護，系統發生接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)故障(zhang)時，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)對(dui)正、負電(dian)(dian)流具有高阻(zu)抗性，對(dui)零電(dian)(dian)流具有低阻(zu)抗性，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護可靠。
三(san)相接(jie)地(di)變壓器
三(san)相(xiang)接(jie)(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)等變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)采用z型(xing)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(或曲折型(xing)接(jie)(jie)線(xian))，與普(pu)通(tong)(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)不同(tong)之處在于，每相(xiang)線(xian)圈分為兩組，分別繞在該(gai)相(xiang)磁柱上，連接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)優點是零(ling)序磁通(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)沿磁柱流通(tong)(tong)，而普(pu)通(tong)(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)零(ling)序磁通(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)沿漏磁磁路流通(tong)(tong)，因此(ci)z型(xing)接(jie)(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)零(ling)序阻抗(kang)較(jiao)小(約10Ω)，而普(pu)通(tong)(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)則較(jiao)大。根(gen)據(ju)規定，使用普(pu)通(tong)(tong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)帶消弧線(xian)圈時，其(qi)容(rong)量不得超過變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)容(rong)量的(de)(de)20%。z型(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)具有(you)90%~100%容(rong)量的(de)(de)消弧線(xian)圈，接(jie)(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化除了消弧線(xian)圈外，還具有(you)二(er)次負荷，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)代替車站變(bian)(bian)(bian)化，節(jie)約投(tou)資費用。
單相接地(di)變壓器
單相接(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)單相接(jie)地(di)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)主要用于具有中性點的發電機和(he)Satons變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的中性點接(jie)地(di)電阻柜(ju)(ju)，以降低電阻柜(ju)(ju)的成本和(he)體積。
浙(zhe)權（上海）電(dian)器(qi)(qi)設備制造有限公(gong)司(si)是(shi)一家(jia)集生產(chan)、研發、銷售為一體的(de)專業(ye)(ye)性企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，本公(gong)司(si)專業(ye)(ye)生產(chan)變壓器(qi)(qi)、穩(wen)壓器(qi)(qi)、調壓器(qi)(qi)及(ji)低壓電(dian)器(qi)(qi)配套產(chan)品，始(shi)終(zhong)“堅(jian)持企(qi)業(ye)(ye)創新(xin)，追求技(ji)術(shu)(shu)進(jin)步(bu)”是(shi)發展的(de)一貫宗旨，公(gong)司(si)擁有雄(xiong)厚(hou)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)開發力量、優質的(de)工藝檢測儀器(qi)(qi)和(he)生產(chan)設備，積極引(yin)進(jin)國外的(de)先進(jin)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，不(bu)斷對(dui)產(chan)品加以改進(jin)和(he)完善，多(duo)年的(de)專業(ye)(ye)化管理，已成功構建了多(duo)層次的(de)營(ying)銷網絡。
